Description—Yuccas are part of the agave family, which includes between 40 and 50 species; these range from stemless, grasslike plants to varieties with distinct trunks and limbs that resemble trees. They produce showy white to creamy-white flowers—some on tall stalks, others just at the base of the plant. Most varieties are native to the arid regions of North America.

Best traits—This drought-tolerant genus is heat- and cold-hardy and makes a striking addition to the garden with its rosettes of stiff sword-shaped leaves and prominent clusters of flowers. Many bear edible seeds, blooms, fruits and sometimes roots.

In the garden—Often grown for their ornamental appeal, yuccas are a good choice for hot, dry locations. They can be placed in groupings or alongside other cacti, succulents or softer-leafed tropical foliage plants. They also can be used to attract birds that collect fibers from yucca leaves for their nests. 

Note: The yucca bloom is New Mexico’s state flower.


GROWING TIPS

• In the low desert, fall is the best time to plant yuccas, which prefer full sun. In higher elevations, plant in spring.

• Place in quick-draining soil with no added amendments, except a small amount of compost.

• If the roots are long, they can be trimmed before planting. Prune to about 4 inches from the base of the yucca.

• Most need only an occasional deep watering when the soil is dry, about twice a month in hot weather and every three weeks in spring and fall. In winter, rainfall is sufficient. Fertilizing is not necessary.



RECOMMENDED VARIETIES

Banana yucca (Yucca baccata)
Beaked yucca (Y. rostrata)
Blue yucca (Y. rigida)
Tree yucca (Y. fili-fera)